Bioswales are landscape elements designed to remove silt and pollution from surface runoff water. They consist of a swaled drainage course with gently sloped sides (less than six percent) and filled with vegetation, compost and/or riprap. The water's flow path, along with the wide and shallow ditch, is designed to maximize the time water spends in the swale,
which aids the trapping of pollutants and silt. Depending upon the
geometry of land available, a bioswale may have a meandering or almost
straight channel alignment. Biological factors also contribute to the
breakdown of certain pollutants.
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